11th-century cemetery at the site of Baks-Köztársaság Street (Csongrád County). Conquest-period and early Árpádian period graves in the vicinity of Baks

Balogh Csilla – Lőrinczy Gábor – Türk Attila – Varga Sándor

Függelék – Appendix: Marcsik Antónia: A Baks-Köztársaság utcában 2009-ben feltárt 11. századi sírok embertani anyaga

Sceletal material of the 11th-century graves excavated in 2009 at Baks, Köztársaság Street

Hadak útján. A népvándorláskor fiatal kutatóinak XXIV. konferenciája. Esztergom, 2014. november 4–6. Conference of young scholars on the Migration Period. November 4–6, 2014, Esztergom

MŐT Kiadványok 3.2 (2017) 667–711

DOI 10.55722/Arpad.Kiad.2017.3.2_30

A tanulmány egy kora Árpád-kori temetőtöredéket mutat be. A baksi római katolikus templom építése során két alkalommal, 2006-ban és 2009-ben leletmentett tíz sír közreadása és elemzése mellett összegyűjtöttük Baks környékének 10–11. századi temetőit és sírleleteit. Az eddig ismertté vált leletek alapján a tanulmány második részében áttekintjük a mikrorégió Árpád-, közép- és újkori településtörténetét.

Kulcsszavak: Dél-Alföld, Csongrád megye, kora Árpád-kor, sírleletek, településtörténet

In this paper, we publish the early Árpádian period graves excavated at Baks-Köztársaság Str. in 2006 and 2009. The sand hill site had a rather chequered history, in the course of which the western part of the hill was destructed by sand quarrying in the last century and a smaller part of the southern slope during road construction. All graves located here were disturbed to a greater or smaller degree by these activities.

The finds from the graves were rather poor, only Grave 8 contained a more significant assemblage. Here, a young woman was buried in richly decorated clothes. Her hair was held together by a silver hair ring. The collar of her clothes was decorated with cast bronze rosettes sewn on a thick textile band, and the sleeves were held down by cast bronze bracelets with rhombic cross-section. A copper alloy torque and a necklace of grooved and gold plated beads were found in her neck. On her finger she had a cast bronze ring.

The graves probably belonged to a cemetery composed of irregular, loosed placed, roughly SW–NE oriented rows.

In connection with the graves presented here, we also examine the geographical characteristics and other known 10th–11th-century burials and finds of the area, furthermore we sketch the early modern settlement history of the region. All these may contribute to a better understanding of the place of the wider area in the settlement history of the Hungarian Conquest and the early Árpádian periods.